Hospital Waste

is my project work ...... please help

Hello everyone! hospital waste and are classified as: infectious sharps, pathological, pharmaceuticals, radioactive materials, and others. are well prepared to prevent disease transmission by separating biological and chemical hazardous wastes such as infectious diseases materials containing pathogens in sufficient concentrations or quantities which, if exposed, can cause diseases. This includes waste from surgery and autopsies on patients with infectious diseases;
Sharps: needles for single use, syringes, saws, blades, broken glass, nails or other objects that could cause a cut;
Pathological tissues, organs, body parts, human flesh, fetuses, blood and body fluids;
Pharmaceuticals: drugs and chemicals that are returned by districts, ousted, outdated, contaminated, or are no longer needed;
Radioactive: solid, liquid and gaseous waste contaminated with radioactive substances used in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases such as toxic goiter, and
Other: waste from offices, kitchens, bedrooms, including bed linen, kitchen utensils, paper, etc.
hospitals in developing countries has incinerators, it was the method of choice for treatment of medical waste for two important reasons. Firstly, incineration has been considered the best way to eliminate any infectious microorganisms that are present in medical waste. Second, incineration has been profitable for hospitals, because it greatly reduces the volume to be disposed of in a landfill. costs of waste disposal has always been based on the volume to be removed. These two assumptions underlying the incineration of medical waste are no longer able to support an objective examination. The waste is burned at high temperature, which results in emissions of acid gas full, heavy metals, dioxins and toxic organisms. There are a lot of ash from an incinerator as well, but one drawback about the incinerator it causes air pollution and would be another problem. However, today technology days are more high-tech, there are techniques that are used for waste disposal, but is too complicated and very expensive .... as
1. Steam autoclaving is the most widespread and most effective alternative medical technology, treatment of waste. Most autoclaves are available designed to manage both biological risk and normal hospital waste at the same time. However, they can not treat pathological animal waste, chemotherapy waste, and low level radioactive waste. These wastes must be treated separately.
Medical waste autoclaves normally operate in conjunction with a shredder and compactor (to minimize the volume of waste).
In the autoclave, effects of heat and saturated steam pressure increased to decontaminate medical waste by inactivating and destroying microorganisms.
There are two types of autoclaves, gravity displacement and pre-vacuum. Those designed for medical waste are mostly pre-vacuum.
2. chemical processing systems, a chemical anti-microbials, such as sodium hypochlorite, chlorine dioxide, or peracetic acid, decontaminated medical waste. Most systems of chemical treatment, which is currently in use, operate at room temperature.
3.Microwave radiation, medical waste enters the system through batch or continuous mode, where it is wet with steam or water and heated by microwave radiation at temperatures of decontamination.
4.Some systems use a combination of infrared radiation and forced convection of warm air to treat waste. The waste is then compacted to prepare the landfill. Other systems use gamma rays to heat the waste disinfection temperatures. Part of the solid residue obtained is recycled, the rest being eliminated. Several other thermal systems being developed by steam, oil, electricity or some form of radiation as a heat source.
5.Pathological waste (body parts, a research.